The recent surge in Cyclospora cases, a parasite causing explosive diarrhea, has sparked concern among health experts and the public alike. With nearly 7,000 confirmed and probable cases in the U.S. this year, compared to around 3,000 in previous years, it's clear that this outbreak is unprecedented. Dr. Chuck Gerba, a microbiologist at the University of Arizona, predicts this could be the largest outbreak in U.S. history, surpassing the previous record of 4,000 cases. This alarming trend is particularly concerning due to the massive outbreak affecting five midwestern states, including Michigan, where the majority of U.S. cases have been recorded. Health authorities are scrambling to investigate multiple unrelated outbreaks and clusters in other regions, leaving many food shoppers perplexed about what's safe to eat.
The initial focus was on shredded iceberg lettuce imported from Mexico, which led to a nationwide recall. However, the recall was later retracted when it was discovered that the lettuce tested positive for Cyclospora was a false positive. This development has added to the confusion surrounding the outbreak. Despite the retraction, the potential risks associated with iceberg lettuce remain a concern, prompting experts to offer guidance on how to stay safe.
Wade Syers, a food safety specialist, advises against drastic changes in produce habits but encourages staying informed. He recommends choosing whole heads of lettuce over bagged salad mixes and preparing them with food safety in mind, such as removing the outer leaves. Syers emphasizes the importance of washing produce under running water and using a produce brush when possible. The FDA's primary guidance is to avoid the recalled lettuce, and if you've purchased it, it should be discarded.
Luke LaBorde, a professor emeritus of food science, acknowledges that while Cyclospora incidents are rare compared to other foodborne diseases like Salmonella, which affects around 1.35 million Americans annually, the potential risks are still significant, especially for older individuals with compromised immune systems. LaBorde and his wife are considering switching to grain-based salads as a precaution.
Dr. Robert Mandrell, a microbiology researcher, expresses caution about fresh herbs, particularly cilantro grown in Mexico, which has been implicated in past outbreaks. Mandrell suggests that lettuce may not be the sole ingredient involved in this outbreak, indicating potential sources beyond the recalled lettuce. He recommends removing the outer leaves of lettuce, as studies show that viruses, bacteria, and parasites typically do not penetrate beyond this layer.
Dr. Rebecca Schein, an infectious disease doctor, advocates for thorough washing of produce, especially lettuce and salad greens. She recommends washing them at least three times before eating, focusing on the inner leaves. Schein also advises against avoiding lettuce entirely, but emphasizes the importance of proper washing techniques. For individuals with compromised immune systems, she suggests considering the avoidance of lettuce, salad greens, and fresh herbs, as washing may not be entirely effective.
Donald Schaffner, a professor of food microbiology, advises against drastic changes in produce consumption habits. He highlights that almost all servings of fresh fruits and vegetables available on the market are not linked to the outbreak. Staying updated with CDC warnings and FDA recalls is crucial, and if symptoms of Cyclosporiasis develop, seeking medical attention is essential.
